Drug Addiction – Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Medically reviewed

Guga Sikharulidze

·

Psychiatrist, Doctor of Academic Sciences

Last updated: 14 February, 2026

What is drug addiction?

Drug addiction is a chronic mental disorder characterized by the compulsive use of psychoactive substances. Addiction alters the brain’s neurochemical systems — it is a medical condition, not a lack of willpower.

Signs of addiction

Physical signs

Increasing tolerance, withdrawal syndrome (sweating, tremors, nausea), changes in weight, neglect of personal hygiene.

Psychological signs

Uncontrollable thoughts about the substance, loss of interest, depression, anxiety, paranoia.

Types of substances

Opiates — heroin, morphine, strong physical dependence.

Stimulants — cocaine, amphetamines, risk of psychosis.

Cannabinoids — marijuana, psychological dependence.

Alcohol – one of the most dangerous substances in terms of physical dependence.

Hallucinogens — LSD and the risk of psychosis.

Treatment

Detoxification

Medically supervised detoxification — the safe discontinuation of the substance.

Medication-based treatment

Medication-based approach — substitution therapy and craving-reducing medications.

Psychotherapy

CBT — identifying triggers. Group therapy — sharing experiences.

When should you see a psychiatrist?

Book a consultation with a psychiatrist — the consultation is confidential. At GSMRC, we provide a full spectrum of treatment.

See also

Alcohol · Opiates · Stimulants · Marijuana · Gambling

Services: Psychiatric consultation · Psychotherapy · Day clinic

YouTube: Experts For Mental Health | GSMRC Official

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Source: NIDA — Drug Addiction.